Hook and eye.



PATENTED MAY 26. 1908. 7

J. DUGAS.

HOOK AND EYE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.9.1907.

invirn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPHINE DUGAS, OF HOLYOKE, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO CLIF- FORD A. RICHMOND, OF EASTHAMPTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

HOOK AND EYE.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPHINE DUGAS, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Holyoke, in the county of I-Ianipden and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Hooks and Eyes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the manufacture of hooks and eyes, and the object of the invention is to provide a hook and eye construction wherein the loops, whereby these devices are attached to the fabric, are of such form as to insure the maintenance thereof flat against the fabric, and whereby they will be so attached. that they will not be shiftable in the plane of the fabric by the ordinary manipulation thereof. I

A further object of the invention is to provide hooks and eyes made of one piece or length of wire, the hook embodying a double spring tongue under the bill of the hook arranged to prevent the accidental disengagement of the eye from the bill, and reversed relative to the disposition of the bill.

It is conceded, of course, that the spring tongue, per cc, is Well known, the invention in this case running to the specific construction of the hook embodying this feature.

The invention is fully illustrated in the following drawings, in which,

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a hook and an eye in which the invention is embodied in its preferred form. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the hook and eye in separated relations and drawn on a somewhat reduced scale, as compared with Fig. 1, the hook being shown partly in section to show more clearly the construction of the spring tongue. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the hook and eye, as shown in Fig. 2, except that the bill of the hook is shown in full lines herein.

Referring now to these drawings, a, indicates the hook and b the eye, each being made of one length of wire. Preferably the body of the eye is made of substantially hexagonal form the rear side thereof being open. The loops of the eye are indicated by c and these are made angular in form, the preferred construction being that shown in the drawing, viz., triangular, the bases of the triangles lying in the same line, and one side of said triangle being formed by the portion (1 which constitutes the body of the eye, the other side of the triangle being formed by Patented May 26, 1908.

Serial No. 367,261.

bending each of the extremities e of the wire inwardly from the outer ends of the bases towards and into contact with the body wire 1 (Z. By thus forming the loop of the eye, by

means of which the latter is attached to the fabric, the thread canbe passed over the bases of the triangles (indicated by f,) as shown, and also over the sides 6 of the triangle; and as these sides and bases terminate in the sharp corners 9, it is impossible, through any manipulation ofthe eye, to shift it in the plane of the fabric. Furthermore, owing to the angular disposition of the side a relative to the base, if lateralpressure be applied to the eye, it serves to tighten the grip of the thread.

Referring now to the hook construction, the loops 0 are made of the same triangular form as the loops of the eyes above described,

and the function of these loops is the same:

Therefore, no particular description thereof is required, the only difference in the two con structions being that the loops of the hook are not formed out of the two extremities of the wire, but this is incidental only to the difference in form between the hook and the eye, and the exigencies of manufacture. In the hook, the two extremities of the wire, indicated by h and 7c, meet at the apex of one of the loops 0, each extremity constituting one of the two sides of the triangular loop.

In manufacturing the hook shown herein, the disposition of the wire from which it is made is as follows: Starting from the apex of the loop in which the two ends come together and following the wire from the extremity h, it is seen that this wire from said apex is bent at m to make the base portion of the loop, the wire then being bent up to form the bend 0 therein, and from thence extending to a point which, in the finished hook, is substantially the end thereof; the wire is curved upward slightly and thence across, as at p, at right angles (or substantially so) to that portion constituting the bend 0, from thence bent backward upon itself to duplicate that side in which is the bend 0, thereby forming what is practically a reversed spring bill having the bends 0 and 0 therein, the part p having an upward spring towards the underside of the rear end bill q. After forming the bend 0 the wire is carried down to the line of the base of the loop aleady formed, and the other loop is then made similar in outline to the first one,

the wire then running in a straight line, indicated by 7", back to the point indicated by p, and turning up outside of this reversed bill or spring tongue is brought back again towards and centrally between the loops to form the bill g; the end 70 of the wire after having been bent down in a straight line .9 being bent sharply back upon itself to close the remaining open side of the loop at the point of the beginning.

It will be observed that the bill of this hook is relatively narrow; whereas the sides in which the loops are formed are given quite a wide spread to provide as much bracing effect as possible when attached to the fabric, and this necessitates the swinging inward of the bends 0 and 0 in order that a portion thereof, at least, may lie under the sides of the bill whereby the eye may be restrained and held within the curve of the bill against accidental disengagement.

It will be observed, by referring to Fig. 3, that the spring tongue which is a generic ternifor that part of the hook in which are the bends 0, 0 and whose ends are united by the short bridge portion 1), practically hinges at, or swings from, the points 2?, that is from the inner ends of the bases of the loops, and the part p presses up back of the loop of the eye. when engaged with the latter: and any opposing pressure brought against the hook and eye will spring the point p downward thus making the hook and eye connection more or less yielding in its effect when they are thus subjected to opposing strains.

What I claim is 1. A hook for use as described comprising angularly disposed loops for attaching it to a fabric, a bill located between the loops, and a spring tongue the sides of which extend from the angular loops beneath the sides of the bill and across the space between said two sides, the loops, spring-tongue and bill being formed. from one length of wire.

2. A hook for use as described comprising.

angularly disposed loops for attaching it to a fabric, a bill located between the loops, and a spring-tongue, the sides of Which extend from the angular loops, beneath the sides of the bill and across the space between said two sides, the loops, spring-tongue, and bill being formed from one length of wire, the side portions of the tongue having a bend in them extending up under the bill.

JOSEPHINE DUGAS. Witnesses K. I. CLEMONS, H. BOWEN. 

